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Simulate a Cloud-Based Load Balancer

Build a project that demonstrates traffic distribution, load balancing strategies, and backend health checks across cloud-hosted server replicas.

Why Simulate a Load Balancer?

Load balancers are essential in distributed systems to ensure reliability, scalability, and fault tolerance. Simulating one helps understand how cloud services like AWS ELB or NGINX handle traffic distribution under various conditions.

Project Objective

Build a load balancer simulation that accepts client requests and distributes them across multiple backend servers based on algorithms like round-robin, least connections, or weighted load balancing. Include backend failure detection and traffic rerouting.

Key Features to Implement

Traffic Routing Logic

Implement round-robin, weighted, and random load balancing strategies using simple logic or HAProxy/NGINX.

Multiple Backend Servers

Simulate a set of Node.js or Python servers running in Docker containers or local ports.

Health Checks & Failover

Ping backend servers periodically; if one fails, reroute requests to available instances.

Live Monitoring Dashboard

Visualize request distribution, active connections, and health status of servers using a custom or Grafana dashboard.

Architecture Overview

The load balancer component listens for client traffic and forwards it to backend servers using a selected routing policy. Health checks are run at intervals to detect failing instances. Results are logged and visualized in real time.

  • Frontend: Load balancer interface with config options
  • Backend Servers: Node.js / Flask APIs hosted on separate ports or containers
  • Balancing Algorithms: Round-robin, least connections, weighted random
  • Monitoring: Prometheus + Grafana or custom logging
  • Simulated Failure: Kill a backend to test rerouting
Recommended Tech Stack

Backend Servers

Node.js (Express) / Python (Flask) apps exposing basic endpoints

Load Balancer

Custom Node.js/Flask script, or HAProxy / NGINX with configurable strategy

Monitoring

Prometheus for scraping server metrics, Grafana for visualization

Deployment

Docker Compose or Kubernetes to orchestrate containers and simulate cloud traffic

Step-by-Step Development Guide

1. Launch Backend Servers

Create several mock backend servers that return server ID and timestamp on every request.

2. Implement Load Balancer Logic

Route incoming traffic to the backends using a selected algorithm; rotate IPs/ports as needed.

3. Add Health Check Functionality

Periodically ping servers. If one fails, remove it from the active list until it recovers.

4. Visualize Metrics

Display how traffic is distributed and which servers are live using a dashboard or logs.

5. Test Under Load

Use tools like Apache Benchmark or JMeter to simulate concurrent client requests and measure efficiency.

Helpful Resources & Tutorials

Learn Traffic Distribution in Real Time

Gain hands-on experience with backend orchestration, routing strategies, and fault recovery by simulating a complete cloud load balancer environment.

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